Portál AbcLinuxu, 29. října 2025 00:18
Řešení dotazu:
C++ má přesně k takovým účelům (udržování kontextu a návrat do původního stavu) své standardní mechanismy. Předchozí barva se dá jednoduše ukládat na zásobník a pak nechat obnovit destruktorem.
Uvedený příklad není (kvůli statické proměnné) thread-safe, nicméně to by nemuselo vadit, protože terminál bývá jeden.
Taky to podporuje jenom 256 barev místo 24-bitových, ale to se dá celkem triviálně doplnit.
#include <cstdint>
#include <ios>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <utility>
using std::uint8_t;
using std::size_t;
class Color {
class Value {
const std::string code_;
public:
Value(std::string_view code); // C++20: constexpr
std::ostream& operator ()(std::ostream &out) const;
};
Color(std::ostream *out, const Value &previous,
const Value &value, bool value_owned);
std::ostream& operator ()(std::ostream &out);
static const Value *_current;
std::ostream *out_;
const Value &previous_;
const Value &value_;
const bool value_owned_;
friend std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream& out, Color &&color);
public:
Color(Value &&value);
Color(const Value &value);
Color(std::ostream &out, Value &&value);
Color(std::ostream &out, const Value &value);
static Value custom(uint8_t color); // C++20: constexpr
~Color();
static const Value THICK; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value RESET; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value BLACK; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value RED; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value GREEN; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value YELLOW; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value BLUE; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value MAGENTA; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value CYAN; // C++20: constexpr
static const Value WHITE; // C++20: constexpr
};
Color::Value::Value(std::string_view code) : code_{code} {}
std::ostream& Color::Value::operator ()(std::ostream &out) const {
return out << code_;
}
Color::Color(std::ostream *out, const Value &previous,
const Value &value, bool value_owned) :
out_{out}, previous_{previous}, value_{value}, value_owned_(value_owned) {}
std::ostream& Color::operator ()(std::ostream& out) {
out_ = &out;
_current = &value_;
return value_(out);
}
Color::Color(Value &&value) :
Color{nullptr, *_current, *new Value{std::move(value)}, true} {}
Color::Color(const Value &value) :
Color{nullptr, *_current, value, false} {}
Color::Color(std::ostream &out, Value &&value) :
Color{&out, *_current, *new Value{std::move(value)}, true} {
_current = &value_;
value(out);
}
Color::Color(std::ostream& out, const Value& value) :
Color{&out, *_current, value, false} {
_current = &value_;
value(out);
}
Color::Value Color::custom(uint8_t color) {
return Value("\u001B[38;5;" + std::to_string(color) + 'm');
}
Color::~Color() {
if (out_) previous_(*out_);
_current = &previous_;
if (value_owned_) delete &value_;
}
std::ostream& operator <<(std::ostream& out, Color &&color) {
return color(out);
}
const Color::Value Color::RESET{"\u001B[0m"};
const Color::Value Color::THICK{"\u001B[0;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::BLACK{"\u001B[30;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::RED{"\u001B[31;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::GREEN{"\u001B[32;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::YELLOW{"\u001B[33;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::BLUE{"\u001B[34;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::MAGENTA{"\u001B[35;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::CYAN{"\u001B[36;1m"};
const Color::Value Color::WHITE{"\u001B[37;1m"};
const Color::Value *Color::_current = &Color::RESET;
void recursion(size_t base, size_t shift) {
if (shift < 16) {
Color next{std::cout, Color::custom(base + shift)}; // overflow intended
std::cout << shift;
recursion(base, shift + 1);
std::cout << shift;
} else {
std::cout << " █ ";
std::cout << Color{Color::BLACK} << 'K'
<< Color{Color::RED} << 'R'
<< Color{Color::GREEN} << 'G'
<< Color{Color::YELLOW} << 'Y'
<< Color{Color::BLUE} << 'B'
<< Color{Color::MAGENTA} << 'M'
<< Color{Color::CYAN} << 'C'
<< Color{Color::WHITE} << 'W';
std::cout << " █ ";
}
}
int main() {
std::cout << std::hex << '\n';
std::cout << Color{Color::THICK} << '>'
<< Color{Color::BLACK} << "black"
<< Color{Color::THICK} << '<'
<< Color{Color::RED} << " red"
<< Color{Color::GREEN} << " green"
<< Color{Color::YELLOW} << " yellow"
<< Color{Color::BLUE} << " blue"
<< Color{Color::MAGENTA} << " magenta"
<< Color{Color::CYAN} << " cyan"
<< Color{Color::WHITE} << " white";
std::cout << "\n\n";
std::cout << "This is the default.\n";
{
Color red{std::cout, Color::RED};
std::cout << "This is red.\n";
{
Color green{std::cout, Color::GREEN};
std::cout << "This is green.\n";
{
Color blue{std::cout, Color::BLUE};
std::cout << "This is blue.\n";
std::cout << Color{Color::YELLOW} << "This is yellow.\n";
std::cout << "This is blue.\n";
}
std::cout << "This is green.\n";
}
std::cout << "This is red.\n";
}
std::cout << "This is the default.\n\n";
for (size_t color = 0; color < 256; ++color) {
recursion(color, 0);
std::cout << '\n';
}
std::cout << '\n';
{
Color thick{std::cout, Color::THICK};
std::cout << "This is fucking thick!!!\n";
std::cout << Color{Color::custom(77)} << "And this is almost green.\n";
std::cout << "Thick again.\n";
Color orange{std::cout, Color::custom(208)};
std::cout << "This is an arbitrary orange color.\n";
}
std::cout << "And this is the default again!\n\n";
}
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