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Děkuji,

máte pravdu, opravdu je vadný druhý disk v raidu sdb2

# smartctl --all /dev/sdb
smartctl version 5.37 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-6 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/                            

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     GB0250C8045       
Serial Number:    9SF09ZAA          
Firmware Version: HPG1              
User Capacity:    250 059 350 016 bytes
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   7                                                     
ATA Standard is:  ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 4a                     
Local Time is:    Wed Dec 30 19:50:18 2009 CET                          
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.              
SMART support is: Enabled                                               

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x82) Offline data collection activity
                                        was completed without error.    
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever  
                                        been run.                               
Total time to complete Offline                                                  
data collection:                 ( 634) seconds.                                
Offline data collection                                                         
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.        
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new         
                                        command.                                    
                                        Offline surface scan supported.             
                                        Self-test supported.                        
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.             
                                        Selective Self-test supported.              
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering            
                                        power-saving mode.                          
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.             
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.                    
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.          
Short self-test routine                                                             
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.                                    
Extended self-test routine                                                          
recommended polling time:        (  57) minutes.                                    
Conveyance self-test routine                                                        
recommended polling time:        (   3) minutes.                                    

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:  
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   081   063   044    Pre-fail  Always       -       143583136
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0003   099   099   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0        
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       34       
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   085   085   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       309      
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   083   060   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       4512812337
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   088   088   000    Old_age   Always       -       10578     
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0         
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       34        
184 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   100   099    Old_age   Always       -       0         
187 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   094   094   000    Old_age   Always       -       6         
188 Unknown_Attribute       0x0032   100   078   000    Old_age   Always       -       2370858123821
189 Unknown_Attribute       0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0            
190 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   079   065   045    Old_age   Always       -       588316693    
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   021   040   000    Old_age   Always       -       21 (Lifetime Min/Max 0/16)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x001a   052   031   000    Old_age   Always       -       143583136                 
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0033   085   085   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       309                       
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0                         
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0                         
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0                         

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 16 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
        CR = Command Register [HEX]                                       
        FR = Features Register [HEX]                                      
        SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]                                  
        SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]                                 
        CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]                                  
        CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]                                 
        DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]                                   
        DC = Device Command Register [HEX]                                
        ER = Error register [HEX]                                         
        ST = Status register [HEX]                                        
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as                 
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,                     
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.                   

Error 16 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1991 hours (82 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH                              
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --                              
  40 51 00 d5 d3 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0040d3d5 = 4248533

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:47.184  READ DMA            
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:47.181  IDENTIFY DEVICE     
  ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:47.178  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:47.083  IDENTIFY DEVICE                 
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:44.227  READ DMA                        

Error 15 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1991 hours (82 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH                              
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --                              
  40 51 00 d5 d3 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0040d3d5 = 4248533

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:44.227  READ DMA            
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:44.224  IDENTIFY DEVICE     
  ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:44.221  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:44.126  IDENTIFY DEVICE                 
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:41.271  READ DMA                        

Error 14 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1991 hours (82 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH                              
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --                              
  40 51 00 d5 d3 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0040d3d5 = 4248533

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:41.271  READ DMA            
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:41.268  IDENTIFY DEVICE     
  ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:41.265  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:41.186  IDENTIFY DEVICE                 
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:38.333  READ DMA                        

Error 13 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1991 hours (82 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH                              
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --                              
  40 51 00 d5 d3 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0040d3d5 = 4248533

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:38.333  READ DMA            
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:38.330  IDENTIFY DEVICE     
  ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:38.327  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:38.213  IDENTIFY DEVICE                 
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:35.320  READ DMA                        

Error 12 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 1991 hours (82 days + 23 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH                              
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --                              
  40 51 00 d5 d3 40 00  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0040d3d5 = 4248533

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:35.320  READ DMA            
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:35.317  IDENTIFY DEVICE     
  ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:35.314  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00      00:35:35.181  IDENTIFY DEVICE                 
  c8 00 f8 75 d3 40 e0 00      00:35:32.352  READ DMA                        

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]


SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS                  
    1        0        0  Not_testing                          
    2        0        0  Not_testing                          
    3        0        0  Not_testing                          
    4        0        0  Not_testing                          
    5        0        0  Not_testing                          
Selective self-test flags (0x0):                              
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

sda2 se zdá být OK

# smartctl --all /dev/sda
smartctl version 5.37 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-6 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/                            

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model:     Hitachi HDP725025GLA380
Serial Number:    GEK234RBTDPLDA         
Firmware Version: GM2OA52A               
User Capacity:    250 059 350 016 bytes  
Device is:        Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is:   8                                                     
ATA Standard is:  Not recognized. Minor revision code: 0x29             
Local Time is:    Wed Dec 30 19:50:14 2009 CET                          
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.              
SMART support is: Enabled                                               

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x84) Offline data collection activity
                                        was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.             
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed           
                                        without error or no self-test has ever             
                                        been run.                                          
Total time to complete Offline                                                             
data collection:                 (3981) seconds.                                           
Offline data collection                                                                    
capabilities:                    (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.                   
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.       
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new                
                                        command.                                           
                                        Offline surface scan supported.                    
                                        Self-test supported.                               
                                        No Conveyance Self-test supported.                 
                                        Selective Self-test supported.                     
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering                   
                                        power-saving mode.                                 
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.                    
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.                           
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.                 
Short self-test routine                                                                    
recommended polling time:        (   1) minutes.                                           
Extended self-test routine                                                                 
recommended polling time:        (  66) minutes.                                           

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:  
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000b   100   100   016    Pre-fail  Always       -       0        
  2 Throughput_Performance  0x0005   132   132   054    Pre-fail  Offline      -       140      
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0007   104   104   024    Pre-fail  Always       -       198 (Average 196)
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       18               
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   005    Pre-fail  Always       -       0                
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000b   100   100   067    Pre-fail  Always       -       0                
  8 Seek_Time_Performance   0x0005   136   136   020    Pre-fail  Offline      -       27               
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0012   099   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       10564            
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   060    Pre-fail  Always       -       0                
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       18               
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       56               
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       56               
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0002   253   253   000    Old_age   Always       -       18 (Lifetime Min/Max 14/38)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0                          
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0022   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0                          
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0008   100   100   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0                          
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x000a   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0                          

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged          

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]


SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS                  
    1        0        0  Not_testing                          
    2        0        0  Not_testing                          
    3        0        0  Not_testing                          
    4        0        0  Not_testing                          
    5        0        0  Not_testing                          
Selective self-test flags (0x0):                              
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

Takže to bychom měli proč, nyní jsem tedy "rozbil" raid a zkontroloval jestli opravdu :)

# mdadm /dev/md0 -f /dev/sdb2
mdadm: set /dev/sdb2 faulty in /dev/md0         
# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:                             
        Version : 00.90.03            
  Creation Time : Thu Oct 16 13:47:36 2008
     Raid Level : raid1                   
     Array Size : 242099456 (230.88 GiB 247.91 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 242099456 (230.88 GiB 247.91 GB)
   Raid Devices : 2
  Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
    Persistence : Superblock is persistent

    Update Time : Wed Dec 30 19:52:06 2009
          State : clean, degraded
 Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
 Failed Devices : 1
  Spare Devices : 0

           UUID : 0dd63790:02b414c0:794694bf:d8958e12
         Events : 0.284686

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       0        0        0      removed
       1       8        2        1      active sync   /dev/sda2

       2       8       18        -      faulty spare   /dev/sdb2

# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid1 sdb2[2](F) sda2[1]
      242099456 blocks [2/1] [_U]

unused devices: none

odstranil disk z konfigurace raid

# mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdb2
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb2                    
# cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] 
md0 : active raid1 sda2[1]                      
      242099456 blocks [2/1] [_U]               
                                                
unused devices: none

vytvořil zálohy pomocí nakopírování mount do root jak říkáte, děkuji, disky, tedy teď již jen sda2, je RW, do adresáře /bin můžu zapisovat/mazat, ale stále mě trápí ty nesmyslné práva, délky u výše zmiňovaných souborů a stále nevím jak se jich zbavit. Smazat stále nejdou, znovu zkouším mazat podle i-node. Potřeboval bych se jich zbavit před opravou raid, abych nekopíroval vadné soubory.