Administrace komentářů

Příkaz mail by měl skončit na propadlišti dějin. Tohoto třináct let starého dinosaura už na čtení mailů snad nikdo nepoužívá. A co se týče odesílání, to lze v pythonu nebo v perlu nahradit dvěma či třemi řádky kódu. Příkaz mail je dost častou příčinou toho, že roboti a skripty rozesílají maily se špatnou češtinou.

Poslat mail je totiž dost jednoduché. Podstatně složitější je ale ten mail _nachystat_. Pro ty nejjednodušší maily používám tento prográmek (či modul), který se postará o správné kódování a to jak v hlavičce, tak v těle. Vybere buď 'US-ASCII', 'ISO-8859-1' nebo 'UTF-8' podle situace. Dost jsem se inspiroval jakýmsi tutoriálem.

#!/usr/bin/env python

def send_email(sender, recipient, subject, body, verbose = False, SMTPserver="localhost"):
  """Send an email.

  All arguments should be Unicode strings (plain ASCII works as well).

  Only the real name part of sender and recipient addresses may contain
  non-ASCII characters.

  The email will be properly MIME encoded and delivered though SMTP to
  localhost port 25.  This is easy to change if you want something different.

  The charset of the email will be the first one out of US-ASCII, ISO-8859-1
  and UTF-8 that can represent all the characters occurring in the email.
  """
  from smtplib import SMTP
  from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
  from email.Header import Header
  from email.Utils import parseaddr, formataddr

  if not sender.startswith('From: '):
    sender += 'From: '
  if not recipient.startswith('To: '):
    recipient += 'To: '

  # Header class is smart enough to try US-ASCII, then the charset we
  # provide, then fall back to UTF-8.
  header_charset = 'ISO-8859-1'

  # We must choose the body charset manually
  for body_charset in 'US-ASCII', 'ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8':
      try:
          body.encode(body_charset)
      except UnicodeError:
          pass
      else:
          break

  # Split real name (which is optional) and email address parts
  sender_name, sender_addr = parseaddr(sender)
  recipient_name, recipient_addr = parseaddr(recipient)

  # We must always pass Unicode strings to Header, otherwise it will
  # use RFC 2047 encoding even on plain ASCII strings.
  sender_name = str(Header(unicode(sender_name), header_charset))
  recipient_name = str(Header(unicode(recipient_name), header_charset))

  # Make sure email addresses do not contain non-ASCII characters
  sender_addr = sender_addr.encode('ascii')
  recipient_addr = recipient_addr.encode('ascii')

  # Create the message ('plain' stands for Content-Type: text/plain)
  msg = MIMEText(body.encode(body_charset), 'plain', body_charset)
  msg['From'] = formataddr((sender_name, sender_addr))
  msg['To'] = formataddr((recipient_name, recipient_addr))
  msg['Subject'] = Header(unicode(subject), header_charset)

  # Send the message via SMTP to localhost:25

  smtp = SMTP(SMTPserver)
  smtp.sendmail(sender, recipient, msg.as_string())
  smtp.quit()

  if verbose:
    print "This mail has been sent:\n"
    print sender
    print recipient
    print 'Subject: %s\n' %subject
    print body

if __name__ == '__main__':
  sender = u'From: áÁčČďĎěĚéÉíÍňŇóÓřŘšŠťŤúÚůŮýÝžŽ <honza@ar.re.sa>'
  recipient = u'To: áÁčČďĎěĚéÉíÍňŇóÓřŘšŠťŤúÚůŮýÝžŽ <honza@ad.re.sa>'
  subject = u'Testovací mail áÁčČďĎěĚéÉíÍňŇóÓřŘšŠťŤúÚůŮýÝžŽ'
  body = u'áÁčČďĎěĚéÉíÍňŇóÓřŘšŠťŤúÚůŮýÝžŽbleble\n'
  
  send_email(sender, recipient, subject, body, verbose = True)