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Díky za radu, poučil jsem se toho jak logovat. A myslím, že jsem problém našel. Při zvýšení logování na DEBUG3 mám na serveru v logu:

May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: Connection from 2001:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:4ff:fed8:36f1 port 54470 on 2001:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx::d39 port 22
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.3
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH_5* compat 0x0c000000
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_init: preparing seccomp filter sandbox
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: Network child is on pid 25344
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug3: preauth child monitor started
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug3: privsep user:group 493:491 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: permanently_set_uid: 493/491 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_child: setting PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_child: attaching seccomp filter program [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffi
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0  [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0  [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-dss-cert-v00@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib [preauth]
May 07 12:54:56 noraza.doma sshd[25343]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib [preauth]

Pro úspěšné připojení se systému 3 dopadne část výpis takto:

May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_6.6.1
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.6.1 pat OpenSSH_6.6.1* compat 0x04000000
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_init: preparing seccomp filter sandbox
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: Network child is on pid 25483
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: preauth child monitor started
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: privsep user:group 493:491 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: permanently_set_uid: 493/491 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_child: setting PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: ssh_sandbox_child: attaching seccomp filter program [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffi
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffi
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes2
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160-etm@openssh.com,
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0  [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 118 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: monitor_read: checking request 118
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 119
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive_expect entering: type 119 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com none [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 118 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: monitor_read: checking request 118
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 119
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive_expect entering: type 119 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_key_sign entering [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 6 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_key_sign: waiting for MONITOR_ANS_SIGN [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive_expect entering: type 7 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: monitor_read: checking request 6
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_answer_sign
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_answer_sign: signature 0x55eef95d7800(101)
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 7
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: monitor_read: 6 used once, disabling now
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: kex_derive_keys [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent [preauth]
May 07 13:06:09 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: KEX done [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: userauth-request for user root service ssh-connection method none [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug1: attempt 0 failures 0 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_getpwnamallow entering [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_send entering: type 8 [preauth]
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_request_receive entering
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: monitor_read: checking request 8
May 07 13:06:15 noraza.doma sshd[25482]: debug3: mm_answer_pwnamallow

a pak následuje asi další dvě stránky. Pokud výpisu rozumím dobře, tak první sada kex_parse_kexinit jsou algoritmy serveru a druhá algoritmy klienta (už to bylo i v tom prvním dotazu ve výpisu klienta, ale tam jsem tomu nerozuměl) a problém myslím, že je tento: Noraza (ssh server) má v seznamu hmac jen s Encrypt-then-MAC (etm) zatímco neúspěšný klient nemá žádné. A teď jak přesvědčit jednu nebo druhou stranu.